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Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess the morphological and morphometric variations in the dry human sacrum, considering the clinical importance of sacral variations in different interventions.
Methods: 39 dry human sacra were inspected in the Department of Anatomy, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, from April to June 2024. The specimens with any abnormality or fractures were not included. All the measurements, including the width and height of the sacral canal and hiatus, were taken by a digital Vernier Caliper. All the data were assessed using SPSS version 26.
Results: The most prevailing shape of sacral hiatus was inverted V, recorded as 35.9%. Moreover, the most common shape of the sacral canal was a V shape, with 51.3%. The mean sacral height and width were observed as 109.45 ± 14.75 mm and 105.21 ± 13.56 mm, respectively. The right and left oblique distances showed no significant difference.
Conclusion: The Pakistani population showed substantial variation in the morphology of the sacrum. The prevalence of inverted V and V morphometry of sacral hiatus and canal signifies specific population patterns. Various clinical procedures, such as ilio-sacral fixation, sacral nerve stimulation, and caudal epidural anesthesia, require precise anatomical knowledge to ensure safety and accuracy.
Keywords: Sacrum, Spinal canal, Epidural Anesthesia, Pakistan
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